杨逢时 摘编：西方先哲论暴政与革命

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西方先哲论暴政与革命
杨逢时 摘编
【摘编者按】许多朋友来函索要拙作《我们到底要什麼﹖——有关中
国人争取自由的几点分享》一文附录的“名人名言”的简体字版，这
里编者将该部分加以整理，并增添了一些新条目，供大家分享、传
播。
I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility
against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.
-- Thomas Jefferson, inscribed in the Jefferson Memorial. 我
向上帝发誓，以人类的精神力量永远敌对任何形式的极权统治。
——(鐫刻于杰弗逊的纪念碑上)
An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat
him last.
--Winston Churchill 和解者喂鱷鱼，祈望最后一个被吃掉。
——丘吉尔
In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a
revolutionary act.
-- George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair, 1903 -- 1950, was an
English novelist and journalist. His work is marked by keen
intelligence and wit, a profound awareness of social
injustice, an intense, revolutionary opposition to
totalitarianism, a passion for clarity in language and a
belief in democratic socialism.) 在谎言遍地的时代，讲真话就
是革命的行动。
——奥维尔
Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet depreciate
agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the
ground. They want rain without thunder and lightning. They
want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters.
This struggle may be a moral one; or it may be a physical
one; or it may be both moral and physical; but it must be a
struggle. Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never
did and it never will.
-- Frederick Douglass (1818 –1895, was born into slavery
and is one of the most prominent figures in African American
and United States history.) 一个声称热爱自由却不屑鼓动唤醒民
眾的人，等于幻想收获却不愿耕种。他们盼望雨水却害怕雷电。他们
向往海洋却畏惧风浪。这种斗争也许是精神上的，也许是肢体上的，
也许二者兼备。但这必须是斗争。权力与力量来自于坚定的诉求，无
论过去或将来这都绝无例外。
——道格拉斯
Without an unfettered press, without liberty of speech, all
of the outward forms and structures of free institutions are
a sham, a pretense -- the sheerest mockery. If the press is
not free; if speech is not independent and untrammeled; if
the mind is shackled or made impotent through fear, it makes
no difference under what form of government you live, you
are a subject and not a citizen.
-- William E. Borah (1865 -1940, was a prominent Republican
attorney and longtime United States Senator from Idaho.) 如
果没有新闻与言论自由，任何在表面形式上的自由机构(制度)都是空
洞虚假的，甚至是个纯粹的笑话。如果新闻不自由，如果言论不独
立，不能无拘无束，如果思想在恐惧下被钳制，不管在什么样的政府
下生活，你都只是个被管辖的对象而不是公民。
——鲍拉
Any society that would give up a little liberty to gain a
little security will deserve neither and lose both.
-- Benjamin Franklin 任何社会如果想放弃一点自由而换取一点安
全，必然会将二者都丧失貽尽。
——富兰克林
There is no crueler tyranny than that which is perpetuated
under the shield of law and in the name of justice.
-- Charles de Montesquieu (1689-1755, a French social
commentator and political thinker.) 最为黑暗残酷的极权就是在
法律外壳与正义名义下的长治久安。
——孟德斯鸠
Any power must be an enemy of mankind which enslaves the
individual by terror and force, whether it arises under the
Fascist or the Communist flag.
--Albert Einstein 无论是在法西斯还是在共產主义的旗帜下集结﹐
任何以恐怖暴力奴役个人的权力都是人类的敌人。
——爱因斯坦
What, man, defy the devil. Consider, he's an enemy of
mankind.
--William Shakespeare 反抗恶魔。视它为人类的敌人。
——莎士比亚
Concentrated power has always been the enemy of liberty.
-- Ronald Reagan 集权总是自由的敌人。
——里根
Resistance to tyrants is obedience to God.
-- Thomas Jefferson 对极权的抵抗就是对上帝的顺服。
——杰弗逊
As our enemies have found we can reason like men, so now let
us show them we can fight like men also.
-- Thomas Jefferson 我们的敌人发现我们能像个人一样地推理﹐现
在让我们告诉他们﹐我们还能像个人一样地战斗。
——杰弗逊
You have enemies? Good. That means you've stood up for
something, sometime in your life.
--Winston Churchill 你有敌人﹖很好。这说明你在生命中的某一时
刻坚持了某一理念。
——丘吉尔
No people in history have ever survived who thought they
could protect their freedom by making themselves inoffensive
to their enemies.
-- Dean Acheson (1893—1971, an American statesman and
lawyer; as United States Secretary of State during 1949-1953,
he played a central role in defining American foreign policy
during the Cold War.) 歷史上以为用温情讨好敌人就能保护自由的
人﹐断无得以生存。
——艾奇逊
The Framers [of the Constitution] knew that free speech is
the friend of change and revolution. But they also knew that
it is always the deadliest enemy of tyranny.
-- Hugo Black (1886 – 1971, an American politician and
jurist). 宪法的制定者们清楚言论自由是革命与变革的朋友﹐同时
也是极权的死敌。
——雨果·布萊克-
No man or woman who tries to pursue an ideal in his or her
own way is without enemies.
-- Daisy Bates (1914 – 1999, an American civil rights
activist, publisher and writer who played a leading role in
the Little Rock integration crisis of 1957.) 没有任何人希望
以自己的方式追求理想却没有敌人。
——黛西?贝茨
Forgive your enemies, but first get even.
-- Lester Cole (1904 – 1985, an American screenwriter.) 首
先取得公平﹐然后才谈得上原谅敌人。
——莱斯特·科尔
We read that we ought to forgive our enemies; but we do not
read that we ought to forgive our friends.
-- Francis Bacon (1909 -1992, an Irish born figurative
painter of English descent.) 我们知道应原谅我们的敌人﹐但却
不懂得要原谅我们的朋友。
——培根
The enemies of freedom do not argue; they shout and they
shoot.
-- William Ralph Inge (1860 --1954, an English author,
Anglican priest, professor of divinity at Cambridge, and
Dean of St Paul's Cathedral.) 自由的敌人从不和你多费口舌﹔他
们吼叫著向你开枪。
——英奇
A patriot must always be ready to defend his country against
his government.
-- Edward Abbey (1927—1989, an American author and essayist
noted for his advocacy of environmental issues and criticism
of public land policies.) 一个爱国者必须时刻準备捍卫自己的国
家而对抗政府。
——爱德华·艾比
He who is not with me is against me.
-- Matthew 12:30, Luke 11:23 不与我相合的﹐就是敌我的。
——圣经·马太福音
Simply let your “yes” be “Yes”, and your “No”, “No”;
anything beyond this comes from the evil one.
-- Matthew 5:37 你们的话﹐是﹐就说是﹔不是﹐就说不是﹔若再多
说﹐就是从恶裡出来的。
——圣经·马太福音